During Translation Chain Elongation Continues Until
DNA synthesis continues until the polymerase reaches the 5-end of the template resulting in a DNA duplex with terminal proteins at each 5-end of the genome. This type of chain elongation has been observed for recombinant RNA-dependent RNA polymerases from flavivirus.
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As elongation continues the EF-Tu or eEF-1α that is released from the ribosome bound to GDP must be reconverted to its GTP form Figure 712.

. In translation messenger RNA mRNA is decoded in a ribosome outside the nucleus to produce a specific amino acid chain. In molecular biology and genetics translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic reticulum synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cells nucleusThe entire process is called gene expression. If the acyl CoA contains a cis-Δ 3 bond then cis-Δ 3-Enoyl CoA isomerase will convert the bond to a trans-Δ 2 bond which is a regular substrate.
Leaving the ribosome ready for insertion of the next amino acid in the growing polypeptide chain. Whatever the conformation of the hydrocarbon chain β-oxidation occurs normally until the acyl CoA because of the presence of a double bond is not an appropriate substrate for acyl CoA dehydrogenase or enoyl CoA hydratase. The gp2 polymerase also has a DNA helicase activity to unwind duplex DNA strand.
This conversion requires a third elongation factor EF-Ts eEF-1βγ in eukaryotes which binds to the EF-TuGDP.
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